Crossover Error Analysis and Correction of UAV-borne Three-Component Fluxgate Magnetic Survey Data

Gyeongseo Jeong; Mijeong Kim; Hanjin Choe

doi:10.7582/GGE.2026.29.3.197

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2026 Vol.29, Issue 3 Preview Page

Research Article

Crossover Error Analysis and Correction of UAV-borne Three-Component Fluxgate Magnetic Survey Data 드론 탑재 삼성분 플럭스게이트 자력탐사자료의 교차점 오차 분석 및 보정

31 August 2026. pp. 197-206

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Abstract

Recent advances in unmanned systems technology continue to bring substantial changes to the field of exploration. In particular, geophysical surveys using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widely employed due to their efficient low-cost operation, even in inaccessible or rugged environments. UAV-based magnetic surveys generally use scalar and vector magnetometers among which, the fluxgate magnetometer, a vector magnetometer, offers the advantage of being easily mounted on small mobile platforms although it exhibits relatively high noise levels and pronounced line-to-line errors. To analyze and remove its error source, we performed crossover error correction. Because UAV surveys involve short flight times of 1-2 hours and the platform is composed of paramagnetic materials, the influence of viscous magnetization is minimal, and linear errors are not prominent. Accordingly, we confirmed that the crossover errors were effectively corrected through line-to-line leveling correction alone. Furthermore, the crossover errors of the vector-component anomalies were larger than those of the scalar anomaly and arose from inherent errors in the attitude sensor; we quantitatively demonstrated that these differed fundamentally from the scalar errors, because the scalar magnetic intensity is a rotational invariant. By quantitatively evaluating and verifying the effectiveness of crossover correction in drone-based fluxgate magnetic surveys, this study contributes to improving the reliability and accuracy of future vector survey data.

Keywords

UAV

Magnetic Survey

Fluxgate

Crossover Error Analysis

Leveling Correction

최근 무인 시스템 기술의 발전에 따라 탐사 분야에 큰 변화가 발생하고 있으며, 특히 무인 멀티콥터를 활용한 탐사는 저비용으로 접근이 어렵거나 험준한 환경에서도 고효율의 탐사가 가능하여 널리 활용되고 있다. 드론 기반의 자력 탐사에는 일반적으로 스칼라 및 벡터 자력계가 이용된다. 그 중 벡터 자력계인 플럭스게이트 자력계는 소형 이동체 탑재가 용이하다는 장점이 있다. 반면, 잡음이 상대적으로 크고 측선 간의 오차가 뚜렷하게 나타난다. 우리는 이러한 오차의 원인을 분석하고 효과적으로 제거하기 위해 교차점에서 오차 보정을 수행하였다. 드론 탐사는 비행 시간이 1-2시간 이내로 짧고, 플랫폼 특성상 상자성체로 구성되어 있어 점성자화의 영향이 미미하여 선형 오차가 크게 두드러지지 않는 것으로 여겨진다. 따라서 측선 간 레벨링 보정만으로 교차점 오차가 효과적으로 보정됨을 확인하였다. 또한 벡터 성분이상의 교차점 오차는 스칼라 이상의 교차점 오차보다 크게 나타났으며, 이는 자세 센서의 내재된 오차로 인해 발생한 것으로 회전 불변량의 스칼라 오차와는 본질적으로 기원이 다름을 정량적으로 규명하였다. 본 연구는 드론 기반 플럭스게이트 자력 탐사에서 교차점 보정의 효과를 정량적으로 평가 및 검증함으로써, 향후 벡터 자료의 신뢰도와 정확도를 향상시키는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

키워드

무인항공기

자력탐사

플럭스게이트

교차점 오차 분석

레벨링 보정

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Earth and Exploration Geophysicists
Publisher(Ko) :한국지구물리물리탐사학회
Journal Title :Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
Journal Title(Ko) :지구물리와 물리탐사
Volume : 29
No :3
Pages :197-206
Received Date : 2026-06-27
Revised Date : 2026-08-08
Accepted Date : 2026-08-25
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7582/GGE.2026.29.3.197

Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration ISSN:1229-1064(Print) 2384-051X(Online) 지구물리와 물리탐사

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